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Showing posts from February, 2022

Antibiotics: How Long They Take to Work and More - Verywell Health

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Antibiotics are medications used to treat infections that are caused by bacteria. There are several classes of antibiotics—some that only target specific bacteria and others that can be used against a wide range of organisms. This article will explore how antibiotics work, what they are used to treat, and how quickly they can help end an infection. TEK IMAGE / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images What Is An Antibiotic? Antibiotics are substances that get their start in nature, usually as fungi or other forms of bacteria that exist in soils. These substances are able to bind to the cell walls of harmful bacteria, penetrating the cell to either kill the bacteria or prevent it from reproducing. Penicillin was the first antibiotic developed, and it happened by accident. British scientist Alexander Fleming developed penicillin in the late 1920s after noticing that a mold growing on the same plate as Staphylococcus aureas bacteria was des...

Red Bumps on Penis: Causes and How to Treat It - menshealth.com

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Like virtually every guy out there, chances are, at some point in your life, you've noticed unusual skin changes on various parts of your body. If it happens somewhere like your arms or legs, it might be easy to rule it out as minor irritation due to allergies or a reaction to something outdoors. When it happens on your junk , particularly in the form of red bumps, however, you're likely to be understandably concerned. Any signs of skin irritation on your penis might lead you to become concerned, whether it's causing discomfort or not. You're likely to be concerned for your own immediate health, not to mention the dreaded act of informing any sexual partners if you may have exposed them to a sexually transmitted infection . Red bumps you've never noticed before may cause even more panic and alarm, even if they prove to be an allergic reaction or a common skin condition such as eczema. "There are various possible causes of having red bumps on your penis, as pen...

As UTI Drug Resistance Increases, Treatment Choices Critical - Pharmacy Practice News

[unable to retrieve full-text content] As UTI Drug Resistance Increases, Treatment Choices Critical    Pharmacy Practice News

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B cleaves GSDMA and triggers pyroptosis - Nature.com

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Abstract Gasdermins, a family of five pore-forming proteins (GSDMA–GSDME) in humans expressed predominantly in the skin, mucosa and immune sentinel cells, are key executioners of inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis), which recruits immune cells to infection sites and promotes protective immunity 1,2 . Pore formation is triggered by gasdermin cleavage 1,2 . Although the proteases that activate GSDMB, C, D and E have been identified, how GSDMA—the dominant gasdermin in the skin—is activated, remains unknown. Streptococcus pyogenes , also known as group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a major skin pathogen that causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide 3 . Here we show that the GAS cysteine protease SpeB virulence factor triggers keratinocyte pyroptosis by cleaving GSDMA after Gln246, unleashing an active N-terminal fragment that triggers pyroptosis. Gsdma1 genetic deficiency blunts mouse immune responses to GAS, resulting in uncontrolled bacterial dissemination and death. GSDMA ac...

Why Do We Get Dandruff, And How Can We Treat It? - IFLScience

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Have you ever considered the head-scratching questions of dandruff? What is it? Why do some people get it and others don't? And more importantly, how do we get rid of it? A new TED-Ed video animation offers a tell-all exposé of the conditions and the yeast responsible for dandruff. Called Malassezia globosa , this little fungus lives off the fatty oils that our skin produces. It uses different approaches to break down the sebum of our skin into the lipids it depends on to live. But Malassezia globosa only eats certain fats, the saturated ones, leaving the unsaturated behind, which causes damage to the skin, irritation, and eventually dandruff. A human head can have up to 10 million Malassezia globosa on it. Given that the cause is a fungus, antifungal shampoos are the best options in tackling the problem. For most people who suffer from dandruff, that should be enough. But it is very varied who and when some people developed dandruff. Age appears to be a factor&n...

Taltz (Ixekizumab) Subcutaneous: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages - Verywell Health

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What Is Taltz? Taltz ( ixekizumab ) is an injectable medication used to treat adults and children aged 6 years or older with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. This treatment is for people whose condition may benefit from systemic therapy (injections or pills) or light therapy (phototherapy). Taltz can also treat active psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. These are autoimmune diseases that cause damage to the joints. Taltz is a type of biologic drug called a monoclonal antibody. Antibodies are complex proteins produced by your immune system that attach themselves to foreign substances in your body. As a monoclonal antibody, Taltz selectively binds with a molecule called interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and deactivates it. This action helps improve the symptoms of arthritis and psoriasis. Taltz is administered subcutaneously, meaning you inject it under the skin. Drug Facts Generic Name: Ixekiz...